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What Our Members Think

None of us will probably be here to see this millennium of psychological maturity, but I'm sure it's going to happen. It started in the mind of one person, and it took his lifetime in order to get it out in some form that could be useful or communicated or demonstrated to others. Now it's in the mind of maybe twenty other people who are trying to use it in various ways to get it out to the people they're involved with. That's the way any great system of thinking evolves.

Carl Luss

DEAN: You were one of the first people at the Center, as I recall. Did you come down in 1973?
CARL: No, actually it was January, 1975.
DEAN: Oh, I always think of you as being there from the beginning.
CARL: I do, too, but I really wasn't. The Center was there, I guess, for a year or so before.
DEAN: What was your first impression of Paul?
CARL: Paul laughed a lot when I would remind him of my impressions of him when I first saw him. And then he would tell me his impressions of me and I would laugh, too. I couldn't comprehend what this old man was doing that could attract so many young attractive guys. All I could think of was just this old crackpot queen, you know? Like heaven knows what he's doing to get all these guys to stay in the room.
DEAN: It was spooky for me too when I first met him and realized that he was sitting on something very unusual, something that seemed like black magic. It was a little frightening in some sense -- that's not quite the correct word.
CARL: I like that word a lot. It wasn't like this is just another stranger, but a force. And yet it's articulate and coherent and human and warm. It contradicted all kinds of perceptions that I had about what a scientist or a psychologist was. I didn't have any previous experience that would let me feel that this was safe.
DEAN: For a lot of us, growing up meant rescuing our identities from the big bad evil world of sick degenerate adults. I didn't want to have very much at all to do with adults, and yet here was this old guy who seemed to have something I wanted very much to get close to and find out about. So I had to summon some degree of courage. It took me a year and a half to really face up to the fact that I really, really wanted to throw the dice and risk everything on being in his life.
CARL: One benefit for me was attending the groups all the time. He was still doing them I think three nights a week when I got there, as well as the Sunday closed group. I manipulated myself into the Sunday group and, although it wasn't as personalized as the counseling would become, a lot of what was being taught to students in counseling came out in the Sunday group. He really did want them set up for people who weren't seeing him or seeing his students, so we'd get some attempt at equal exposure to the ideas that were being discussed. I didn't feel as if I missed a good deal of the conceptual material that was coming along.

But I was afraid to see him for counseling. I didn't talk to him about it for about three years. My eventual counseling period was about a year, I think. And then there were letters back and forth for another maybe six months after that.

What I really liked about Paul was how he was willing to grant that psychological growth was for anybody who really wanted to take themselves seriously. It really cut through some of my fear of this being just another pretentious mumbo-jumbo set-up.

DEAN: You mean a set-up by some status-seeking person who gets degrees or puts badges on or puts titles next to his name just for effect?
CARL: Right. Paul always loved to bash that kind of stuff. Some people approached him with that idea that somehow being in proximity to him would confer some kind of super-psychological status on them that they didn't have to earn by actually making these things their own, and most of the time Paul cut through that. And some of them wouldn't stay around after that. They'd disappear.
DEAN: He seemed to love it when an insight would come from the unlikeliest source, a new person who just looked funny, who looked like they didn't belong on this planet. I remember many strange people who came to the talk groups and didn't look self-important or speak in an academic style, and yet all of a sudden they'd come out with very, very important ideas. That's what he always tuned in on and helped the rest of us to focus on.
CARL: I like that. I remember there were times when I would say something to Paul out of my own experience and he would look at me and say, "How did you figure that out?" He'd be so surprised! And I would look at him and say, "I don't understand. It seems to be obvious to me." And he'd say, "But no it isn't. Don't you see what you've done?"

He was able to confer upon me the status of being an analytic thinker, before I had really learned much about that process. He would show me that there was a connection between some statement or insight I'd made and the process that got to that point, and that I was capable of doing that on a very sort of refined level if I calm myself down and take myself seriously.

DEAN: Unlike a lot of people who achieve important things in the world and feel that they are among the select few, he really hungered to show ordinary people that they could do anything he had done. He loved to praise people for their accomplishments, whether intellectual or methodological. He specialized in making people feel the creativity inside them and feel that they were his equal in some very important basic way. That certainly sets him apart, for my money, from anybody else of his stature that I've ever heard anything about. Except maybe for Socrates, who was also homosexual and also capable of loving ordinary men.

How long were you in New York before you came down to the Center?

CARL: Only probably about four or five months. I used to get the Village Voice when I was in Connecticut and I'd read the back pages and the personal columns and everything. I remember telling Paul I would see the Center's ad all the time that said "Tired of the Bars and Baths?" And it just never changed for the two years that I was up there. So I made a point at some time that I was going to find out what the Center was about, along with the West Side Discussion Group and the GAA Firehouse. I finally called after New Year's weekend.
DEAN: What made you come to New York?
CARL: Ostensibly I came to continue studying, but I basically came to drop out of graduate school. I had to tell myself I was doing it for something big and important so when I came I was doing studio work and theater design.
DEAN: What were you getting your Masters in?
CARL: In fine arts and set design and lighting.
DEAN: Oh, you share that with Kim, then. But you had an undergraduate degree in literature?
CARL: English. Secondary education.
DEAN: You said your first impression of Paul was funny?
CARL: Well, I couldn't figure it out. I thought he was a cranky old queen.
DEAN: What was his first impression of you?
CARL: He said what he remembered about me was that I was very alert, very intense, and that I wore green and blue plaid pants the first time I walked in the room.
DEAN: I remember those green and blue plaid pants.
CARL: Yes, everybody seems to remember them!
DEAN: I liked you at the very first because you would come in to the Center without any self-consciousness. One of the first times I noticed you was during one of these talk groups that was so crowded that people were standing in the back. And you had to stand, too, but you slowly inched forward so you were quite prominent before the rest of us. And you spoke in a very calm and centered kind of voice that spoke to Paul and the rest of us as equals. That I thought was remarkable. It demonstrated a remarkable sense of identity, this intellectual clarity and articulation. I felt right then that "Now we're getting the real people down here. Now we're getting the people who are going to matter." A few people at the Center have what I guess you'd call charisma: the sense of being somebody, of having an identity, of being able and willing to walk into any group and feel equal, or at least give off the signal that you expect to be taken seriously.

What gave you the first idea that there was something special about what Paul was teaching?

CARL: What I liked so much about the groups was the sense that somebody was trying to talk about an explanation for homosexuality in some sensible, organized way. That was always the focus. We've gotten more generalized in the last few years, but that was what really drew me in there. I think I really came to New York for that.
DEAN: I think Kim did also.
CARL: I had so many questions and problems. And I had already gone through various forms of conventional therapy and counseling and things, so I had some idea of what nonsense sounds like.
DEAN: Had you done any reading about homosexuality? Had you read any gay writers?
CARL: None that made any lasting impression, or I'd have them at my fingertips. No, I guess what I liked about what I was hearing at the Center was that it was all drawn from things that happened to you in everyday life -- like right on the streets -- and everything was linked to something psychological. Plus I just liked the idea of independence. It's funny, all I can remember basically is being vastly intimidated, almost all the time.
DEAN: By Paul or the group?
CARL: By the group itself. And I think this may just have been a measure of the phobia that I've always overcompensated for by this sort of brash exterior. Some people find that interesting, some people find that very off-putting. I've never been able to explain it and I don't particularly care to worry about it either at this point. It either works or it doesn't.
DEAN: You've always reminded me of Paul, because he always seemed to have a lot of, well, brashness about him, too.
CARL: That's what I loved so much about Paul. He made me laugh so hard sometimes. We'd sit there and I'd say, "God, you can be such a pig!" He was just so alive and so real and so visceral. There was none of this hyper-pretension of never saying words like "shit" or "hard-on." I felt so relieved because I'd spent most of my life defending myself against the pretensions of being an adult that said you can't describe these things.

When you're trying to talk about human issues to people, you have to use human terms that people understand. Whatever works to get the point across, that's what you use. And Paul understood this very well. It was one of the reasons why his groups were always so tremendously successful.

I don't ever recall him discussing personal histories in the groups the way there is a tendency for I guess some people these days, because I know he knew it was off-putting to many people. It just closed too many people out.

DEAN: You mean talking about the specific history of a particular person?
CARL: Yeah. He really understood the value of generalities, almost like a good writer, and of using material that many, many people could attach themselves to at some level. People felt at ease in participating, like they weren't revealing some deep dark personal human secret, or they had to match his depth or something.
DEAN: That ability to generalize, coupled with his broad knowledge of certain topics like literature, medicine and history, made some of his patients think that he ought to try to use the broadcast media as a platform: go on a talk show or be interviewed on the radio. I always thought that was a little crazy.
CARL: He always knew where that was at. I'd say, "Well, how do you respond to people nagging you all the time to do something like this?" And he just said, "I just tell them that's for somebody else maybe who feels comfortable doing that." He said he didn't really have the time for that kind of division of his faculties.
DEAN: I think that Paul really chose to focus on the creation of a new science, rather than to focus on a lot of other things he could have gotten into to promote or market that science.
CARL: Or make it a cult. It's usually the people who come after the great thinkers or the great leaders who institutionalize the concept or the ability that's been demonstrated.
DEAN: Like open a Center or something.
CARL: My reading of biographies and autobiographies of many of these people, where they exist, indicates that they really did labor in fields of relative seclusion and were regarded as crackpots, and that their followers were those few who really saw something bigger coming through.

I'm sure Paul also was one of those certifiable genius people. I don't think this fact should be given any weight at all that it doesn't deserve, but it is a very handy publicity gimmick. And he knew it. That was one of the things I liked about Paul, too: his being very honest about these things. He told me, "I'm a con artist, Carl." And he said that one good thing about therapy is that you act as a con artist in some respects. You can help smooth problems out or help people over troubled areas. And from the reactions that you get from the insights that you're giving your patients, you find the one or two people who are able to grow.

I was always stunned by that. People like to think that anybody who saw Paul must have been a growing serious big psychological genius mother something or other. And they weren't. They were just ordinary, ordinary people. And Paul even said to me, "You know, sometimes people seem to listen to everything I say. They don't complain or squawk and they go out the door. And I find out later it's like they haven't heard a word. And others give me the most difficult time and yet they're the ones that seem to be able to take something away and make it work." He used to say that over and over again in various ways.

It imparted to me a sense that Paul knew very well that a person grows because they take insight or they take mastery and they make it work, they apply it in some real way in their lives. It isn't some intellectual superstructure. And also that there are people who benefit from the same insights and the same mastery in ways that don't have creative implications.

DEAN: A good example of that is the way he was so proud that so many people benefited from the idea that adaptive pursuits should be simplified and kept in their place. A lot of conventional people down at the Center who never wanted to be creative were benefited enormously just by being able to do that.

You spoke about Paul bragging that he was a con artist. When I was living with him, I didn't like the way he would use terms like that because it sounded like he was bragging about tricking people.

CARL: Ripping people off? Nah.
DEAN: I understand now that he enjoyed using brash words to feel pride in a role which I would now call parental. That is, when you're dealing with a mind which can hardly integrate the simplest of your insights, you're not doing them any favor to dump the whole thing on them. What you have to do is feed them tidbits and see what they're capable of digesting. Then as their digestive system expands and matures, you can feed them more and more. I think of that as parentalism and not as conning people really, or as tricking them.

Were you in counseling with anybody else before you went to Paul, or did you just approach this independently? Did you start to read any psychological material?

CARL: Different people hit on me after I was there for a very short period of time, because everybody loved the "new ones." And I just thought, "Well, I'm perfectly capable of understanding whatever the basis of all of this is about." I mean, I was one of those people who was university trained and that Paul liked to differentiate from the street people -- which I thought at first was a handicap.
DEAN: One of Paul's best students at the time, Rick, felt that way, too. He was always ashamed of the fact that he had a degree in psychology.
CARL: I think I had read some conventional psychologists, but none that sort of jelled. It was all basically "Everything is everything."
DEAN: You mean microscopic analyses of stimulus/response kinds of stuff?
CARL: All kinds of stuff like that. I guess I would have to say my coming to terms with my homosexuality -- at least in terms of seeing it as something worthy of experimenting with, when I felt that it was safe to do that -- happened when I was nineteen and in school. I had one of those startling revelations. I had been going through all the motions of dating this young gal for like a year or so. It was my first heterosexual long-term relationship.
DEAN: A gold star for Carl!
CARL: Yeah. I mean, I did really like this girl, but I had also convinced myself that I must love her.
DEAN: That you should love her?
CARL: No, that I in fact did love her.
DEAN: Oh. As if we shouldn't expect love to be any more than normal friendly feelings.
CARL: So I said, this is just the way it is, I love this gal. But it paled against the next phase, which was when this fabulous new transfer student showed up one day in the college choir rehearsal hall. His name was Patrick. I wrote him long love letters, testaments to how crazed I was, for the first year or so.
DEAN: And you haven't submitted them for publication in the Ninth Street Center Journal??
CARL: Oh they're long gone, I'm sure. But I just. . . . He was one of those people that you think the earth moves under his feet. I was just very, very turned on by his presence, by his animation, the bigness of his personality. He was one of those people I guess that we've been talking about, that has a huge presence, that's very vital.
DEAN: Did he have a similar image of himself or did it just look like this to you?
CARL: I guess what I found very attractive about him was that he was very cocky. I didn't know anything about that at the time. But when I realized that I had this enormous reaction to him and that I had nothing comparable towards Nancy -- who I'd been dating for over a year or so -- I just made up my mind to say, "Goodbye Nancy. Hello Patrick. Let's go see what this is about."

This seems to be what my idea of being alive inside is about: being in the presence of somebody that you are attracted to.

DEAN: I had a similar experience. The reason I was in Paul's life was not because I had latent gay feelings or fantasies that I couldn't cope with or anything like that. I had more pressing problems to think about than sex. And I saw from an early age that sexuality was something which undermined most people. It seemed to corrupt them, at least in the world I was growing up in, and I didn't really look forward to becoming a sexual being. What I wanted to do was become an important person in the world who could help people achieve or gain their own mental health and sanity and sense of creativity. This is why I went to St. John's College, where they study the history of Western thought and claim to be championing the highest ideals of civilization. I went through Jung, and a little Freud -- although he didn't make any sense at all to me.

Then I had my first relationship with a woman. It was a weekend kind of thing. We'd get together to forget about the pressures of school life and find release in playful cuddling and good sex. And the simplicity of that was wonderful -- sort of like the next step up from having a pet cat that you feel good about being close to, you know? But there was no comprehension in her of any of the importance that I wanted to attain in the world. She just could not understand why I would want to help humanity. Trying to talk to her about what I wanted to do with my life was very upsetting for both of us.

And when I met Paul, not only did I sense fairly rapidly that he understood these ambitions but that he also had lived up to it, that he not only wanted to but probably could help me to liberate what it was in myself that I wanted to bring out and make important in the world in some large way. And that reached me. Then, when he said that he wanted to be my lover, that meant a very big step, opening up a very big dangerous door. It was like, I don't know, opening up a spaceship door and all of a sudden it's galactic space you're dealing with. But it's a real space and he's going to teach you how to navigate it. Or, it's time to learn how to walk and suddenly everything you remember about crawling is inappropriate?

You can come up with lots of images of this, but it clearly was a very dangerous prospect. Plus, I didn't know whether I could learn to feel sexual with a man and all that kind of stuff. But like you and Patrick, there was just no comparison between the heterosexual relationship that I'd had and this.

CARL: My heterosexual relationship was nominal, to say the least. We hadn't started sexualizing yet. It was more like having a best friend or something, very sympathetic. I now know that she was a very seduced masculine woman.

I also struggled with the fact that I'd gone to an all-boys school, and I had trained myself not to hear their references to me. I wasn't particularly athletic, and I had a big mouth even then. It was that kind of stress you get into when you're in an all-boys school.

DEAN: They'd make comments about you?
CARL: Sure, all the time. Basically, my idea of dealing with that was to compensate for it by becoming bright and articulate. I knew that's sort of an enviable status even in a parochial setting like a boy's school. I had struggled for some time with being very attracted to different guys, but I never would associate it with the language that was used to describe that kind of feeling, you know: "faggots," "cock-suckers." I mean I really had no idea what they were talking about.

And my friendships with guys when I was in high school and college were always based on our finding ways of being helpful to one another. I had none of the focus that you're describing. I had no idea what the hell I was doing in school. I just got a degree in teaching because it seemed like an acceptable thing to do at the time, and I had to declare a major by the time I got into my junior year. I really hadn't any ideas about, you know, being useful to other people or anything like that.

That was really a good deal of the business of my coming to the Center. A good deal of what Paul was saying directly talked about how fucked up we get when the best part of our personality is not being used appropriately, or is being used in places where it's not needed. And that this is really the cause of all our difficulties, and that you really have a love orientation or a power orientation, and that basically the sooner you accept polarity, the faster you're going to be on the road to health. You realize that you have big goals out there now -- not like getting a job and being successful in New York City or anything like that.

DEAN: I think discovering your polarity is often more of a truly liberating sensation than just coming out of a closet can be. I felt, "Oh my god, I don't have to try so hard to be so loving anymore. I can just develop my self-confidence and let other people fill that other kind of role. The world will still be alright." I'd gotten off on a bad start by reading Erich Fromm's The Art of Loving, which said that the only way to get love is to give love. And I figured, "Well, I'll volunteer to be a loving person. I'll lead the charge and figure out how to be a person who can love humanity." And boy, that was hard!
CARL: Thank goodness you gave that up!
DEAN: There's nothing harder than trying to do something you know is needed but are not constitutionally structured to give. And the only reason I gave up that seduced role was the fact that Paul said, "No, people like me are the people that bring love to the world. You don't have to worry about that, you worry about what you have to offer."

Did you feel that liberation when you heard that you were feminine?

CARL: Oh, I didn't have to hear it. What happened was that I started reading Paul's last book. That, before anything else, was a revelation. It was like someone having a window into your heart, beyond anything I'd heard in the groups. It cut through any sense that maybe Paul was like a cranky old faggot or something. I saw that the man who wrote this book understood the human heart. I mean there was just no question about it. As I read through it, I just knew that the idea that I must be masculine, which some people had formed just by looking at my surface, was nonsense.

It's the same old story that happens all the time when new people come to the Center and people want to be automatic about the business of polarity. You can't be automatic about it. It does not lie on the surface. Some people think it does, and those are the ones who I think don't work very hard at understanding what's going on with people.

DEAN: That's an interesting subject all of itself. There are some people who come to the Center hungry for a cult, and do everything they can to turn what we're doing into a cult. And to whatever degree that they can mobilize their forces and unify themselves, we have to fight cultism within the Center. But I guess on the other hand, you might just as easily say, "Well, they're always going to fail and so we don't have to do a thing. Falsity falls before truth."
CARL: The more experience that I have in dealing with new people, the more I think counseling is one of the best ways to get the kind of scientific experience you really need. It's a much different focus from buddying around on the streets, or going out to dinner with people and all that stuff. They're very nice in their place and time, but it's never the same kind of focus that a counseling relationship brings into existence.

One of the things that I liked about Paul was his capacity to pick and choose where it was necessary to state his point of view firmly. If the people walked out the door when they heard it, then it was no loss. And if they came back again, then maybe they would know the next time that we have something to tell them as opposed to them having something to tell us. I'm sure at times I've gone overboard with this, but I've always felt that this is the primary business of what the Center is about. It is not to sit back and allow ignorance and immorality their day in the hopes that in a hundred years they'll die out, because there's just a tremendous backwash. The world is full of the backwash of ignorance and immorality when good men do nothing.

DEAN: You and I share that. I like to immediately cast down a challenge to people in some mild-mannered way. I try to do it with a friendly demeanor, because I know my words will be very challenging, and that's become a sort of secret weapon I've learned how to develop. They get what for them is a mixed signal, and this catches them off guard. I'll be telling them in effect that they are ignorant, but yet I'll be welcoming their participation. Then they have to ask themselves if they really want teachers who know where their personalities are incomplete. Most people in the world don't really want that.

I had a lot of trouble with a Center member two weeks ago. Some kid came in off the street who was raving about how nice his therapist was, and I said, "Fine. What has your therapist actually taught you?" He said, "Oh, well, you know, he lets me teach myself. He just sits back and makes me feel comfortable."

CARL: I can see what's coming.
DEAN: So I said, "Well, I want a therapist that will actually tell me when I'm wrong so that I can know what is right." And I guess it was just a weak moment for this Center member, but he felt he just had to defend this guy. He said, "No, that's a wonderful therapist. You may never need anything more than that. If it's helping you, what's right for you is right for you, and what's right for Dean is what's right for Dean."

Everything is everything. Well, maybe I should just put this as a question: Are people right to feel the Center is dogmatic and authoritarian?

CARL: In dogma there is no room for expansion or flexibility. At least that's my simple understanding of those things; I don't pretend to be a social historian.

I think it's a skill born in actual experience to be able to be street smart and make a judgment call of when it's necessary to let yourself be clear. And Paul sometimes would make it very clear. He'd just say, "Well, that's gobbledygook." I love that expression! Or, "Everything is not everything in the world." At the same time, he was very, very careful in the language that he used, so as not to induce helplessness or recklessness and undermine the warmth or pride of the people who he wanted so much to reach.

DEAN: With some people he was extraordinarily sensitive in his communication. He sensed that they really could hear him and that he didn't have to raise his voice or use upsetting language.
CARL: I think that it's practical experience and his years and years of conventional therapy that brought that into being, along with his tremendous sensitivity towards what's crazy in the human scene that can't be spoken to and what's crazy in the human scene that can be spoken to if you realize that there is an alertness there and a flexibility.
DEAN: And a genuine dissatisfaction.
CARL: I certainly don't have any consistent access to that technique yet. It's one of those things that I would like to work towards if I expect the Center to keep functioning. And I think it comes and goes, and has to do with the atmosphere in general at the Center.
DEAN: Do you think that we're on the right road, that the Center over time will serve the function of seeing to it that Paul's work is not lost to humanity?
CARL: There's two ways of looking at this. One is just the very practical and adaptive way of managing it. There's a public record of his work that is available: his books are in libraries. Even when books go out of print they still exist in the Library of Congress, you know? The world doesn't stop.
DEAN: A hundred years from now they'll be online electronically to every apartment in the world.
CARL: So in that respect, a practical part of it is taken care of or will be taken care of. But the part that has to do with people growing, with teaching and leadership, is something that can't be conveyed in any of the books. And it isn't. I mean if you look at them, it's not.
DEAN: He doesn't say anything about counseling in the books.
CARL: He makes references to teaching and leadership, but there's no road map any place. And that's the thing that for me makes it non-dogmatic and non-authoritarian. There aren't like twelve steps that you have to go through in order to become a teacher or a leader. That kind of exchange is always going to be the product of two people coming together and sharing mutual therapeutic and student/teacher functions. It's an active one-on-one event. And I think that's entirely separate from books. And Paul understood this very well.
DEAN: Applied psychology I think he called it.
CARL: I'm thinking more in terms of his autobiography where he makes a point of saying that even he used to think that a science of human nature could be handed to him on a silver platter, and that it took quite some time for him to disabuse himself of this notion. It turned out to be something that had to be brought into existence and defined and refined over and over again through successions of relationships. Only the end product is the writing.
DEAN: To what extent do you think this science of human nature can be converted in the next five hundred years to ordinary common sense that everybody will have as their birthright?
CARL: I really don't know.
DEAN: The focus of the Center, and the source of the Center's value, was Paul and his work. And in some sense I today think of it as a scientific or educational center rather than an engineering or leadership center. If his books embody a science of human nature, do you think that at some point some masculine figure will come along and establish an analogous body of engineering -- an engineering system for human nature? Will that become embodied in three books and eight monographs, or is that going to take some other form entirely?
CARL: I've often wondered what that would look like. I think it's an interesting thing to think about sometimes, but I don't know what that would look like.

There's a similarity between the search for truth, on one hand, and the imparting of information the way we experience it in the classroom -- the conventional idea of teaching. But it's only a similarity. They're very, very different in how they're approached. In a lot of ways, what I used to think was the idea of being a teacher is not. It bears no resemblance to how you convey insight.

Paul's writing I think is an experiment in how one person puts down ideas that reflect this parallel universe, and of what masculinity is and what femininity is, in some purely elemental form. Even he knew very well that there was a limitation to his work that was relieved greatly when the Center came into focus, because masculines then began to articulate their own world and their own style. The earliest of his writings and a good deal of his understanding of polarity is very truncated in the area of experience. In a lot of ways, he really did use analytic thought to extrapolate, I guess, from the basic insight, without really having that much actual material as a reference.

DEAN: For my money, it's one of the wonders of psychological technology, so to speak, that this person could fashion an instrument for seeing things that he could not have observed through his own experience. It's like the first microscope or the first telescope, only in this case it's a conceptual instrument. Once he fashioned it, he was able to see things which turned out eventually to be real objects.

Not until we landed on the moon were we finally able to say that, yes, it's a real physical object and not a smudge on our telescope lens. I guess being involved with the Center was like landing on the moon for him. He could really touch and feel and see the whole thing come to fruition in a reality that was bigger than he had ever dreamed it would be.

CARL: I guess then you see what I'm saying. If the notion of what being a teacher is about in psychological or creative ways is kind of an amorphous thing, then there's an equally amorphous problem in the area of leadership and engineering that is not going to be defined at all in conventional terms.
DEAN: One thing I talked to Paul about was the misunderstanding invited by his analoging of communication with demonstration, namely the idea that demonstration must somehow use some other medium than words and language, that it must be seen because you couldn't explain it in words. And it was very clear to us that of course it uses words and language, and that there's nothing illogical about leadership being embodied in a book.
CARL: Right.
DEAN: At the level of grammar, a leader's book might have more imperative sentences than declarative sentences. It might take the form of advice giving. Of course, the advice would have to be given at a very high level of psychological sophistication, but it still might take that form.

I'm experimenting now with an advisory essay for people who come to the Center, discussing ways to deal with the social realities of the Center community. And it's very much a how-to kind of question. It's not a matter of "Let's think of theories and interesting new words that we can throw about," but, "What do you do? How do you handle this weird paradigm shift?" Well, first you do this, then you do that. If that doesn't work try this. It's almost a behavior flowchart kind of thing. We'll see. Maybe some new perceptions of what human engineering is will come out of this experience for me. Of course, it will matter if people actually use it and benefit from it, so I'm going to want a lot of feedback.

I think this is one of the things that Paul always had quite a bit of disappointment about concerning his books. I think he really believed somehow that there were people around the world who could focus on this system at his level of intellectual clarity and respond to it and give him feedback and teach him things in return. It was initially almost a way of looking for teachers as much as students.

CARL: I have to be honest and say that I really don't think that this expectation of the worldwide value of his work was ever a concern of Paul's, or a consideration at all.
DEAN: Oh?
CARL: Just by what he said, by the way he would convey the importance of growth on an individual level. People had often asked him about getting things published, and when I talked to him about it he said, "Well you see, I have a real problem with my audience."

On one hand the conventional world wants all of the trappings of clinical analysis and everything that goes along with what's considered to be scientific journal writing. I think he sort of made a fleeting concession to that when he did the Freud monograph, as if to say, "Well, I guess I know how to write a footnoted essay, too." And, as we've seen, that one is received very well in all kinds of official publications because it has such an official-looking annotation to it.

DEAN: I guess there really are footnotes in that one, aren't there? Do you want to know a joke about that? We intentionally picked the Freud editions that were going to be the most difficult for future scholars to find. We picked the paperback editions that you can buy off any paperback rack and whose pagination didn't correspond to the authorized edition.
CARL: Well, it's all a trick. You've asked an English major, and I can tell you that basically a lot of it is a trick. You find the most obscure things and you make some scant reference to it and then you put your own thinking into the paper and usually somebody walks off with it anyway and says it's their idea. But that's sort of beside the point.

I was trying to think of some specific example that would deflate the notion that Paul was disappointed by the relative lack of influence of his books, and the only way I can think about that was how overjoyed he was. He actually said that the Center was exactly what he had looked for all his life.

I have to take that statement at face value, with the emotional content and everything that it implies, and the subjectivity that it implies. He would say to me that many people make the mistake of thinking that the big world is the world that they want, and that their ideas and their influence needs to be in that big world. He said that it simply isn't true. What's important is the way that ideas grow and concepts start and spread. He used to talk about the grass roots level.

He really did always for me disdain the notion that there was a big world out there that people think is the important place to go with your ideas or your abilities. He said that's a fallacy. The only important place to go is to find the individual or the individuals who really need and want to grow. Those are the ones that you attach yourself to for however long that event can take place.

DEAN: I'm sure you're right and I'm glad to hear that he expressed that to people. It helps me to not think about the years we spent trying to reach out to that big world, and all the people in the publishing world, for instance, who rebuffed us. I hated spending an afternoon trying to convince them that his last book was worth something only to have to come home and see the look on his face. I'm sure he developed this new point of view partly as a result of the Center's having come into existence. When he found a world of real people he could really be involved with in a three-dimensional way, he no longer felt so lonely for those other "great men" out there somewhere.
CARL: He always said that's where it took off. All the rest of this was basically theoretical and he knew it. And he was very honest about it. We talked about this extensively because at that time I was a little more academic in my orientation. It was probably a way of defending myself from the deeper implications of a lot of what he was writing. But there were times when we relaxed our counseling to talk about the evolution of his writing and what he thought about it himself. He was very, very clear about what shit was in his writing: where there were complete mistakes and where he had really overstepped in a burst of enthusiasm for trying to get an idea off and got compulsive.
DEAN: In Psychoanalysis and Civilization he claimed there were masculine families and feminine families. Fortunately, when I read it the first time, I put that idea in the category of "I'll learn about this later."
CARL: There are other things, too, things he hated. He absolutely hated that subjectivity/objectivity idea. He said that was just an exercise in diarrhea on his part. He just hated it. He said it really caused more difficulty than anything it ever illuminated, and he was real firm about it.
DEAN: Was that because it was an example of merely drawing a distinction rather than finding a distinction in the world?
CARL: No, it was that people took it dogmatically as a way of defining themselves and permanently relating themselves to others. And that basically they used it as a further way of limiting who they could love or care about, who they could be involved with and who not. It became a word game.
DEAN: Isn't there a similar problem with his distinction between the hedonistic types and the stoical types?
CARL: Oh, Paul dumped that. I don't know if he ever made that clear to anybody, but he dumped that idea, along with time versus space as something to be explored.

He told me that the hedonist/stoic thing was an observation he made initially from the students that he was seeing. But as they began to develop and flesh out their inner identities and their own awareness of their inner identities, these distinctions faded away. And, in fact, the people who appeared to be hedonistic weren't hedonists any more, and the stoic personalities tended to blend more into being able to be relaxed and a little less serious and driven.

But he said it was purely a product of a lack of growth. It was not an intrinsic distinction. I think maybe it was too specific, analyzed at a level of specificity that Paul realized afterwards got in the way of people understanding the basic business of their polarity.

DEAN: I dreaded these secondary polarities because each time he added a new one into the picture it seemed to reduce by half the number of people with whom you could mate. By the time he had added hedonist/stoic and subjective/objective to the primary feminine/masculine mix, it seemed like only one eighth of the people who came to the Center could ever love someone like me. It was embarrassing to get interested in someone only to find out they were the wrong type!
CARL: I suppose sorting people out is harmless in a way, but I think he also realized that for many people it was a gateway to playing word games.
DEAN: Putting people in little pigeon-hole categories that explain why you don't have to try to relate to them?
CARL: He made a point of emphasizing that it was perfectly possible for people in these various categories to have high quality interactions. I said to him, "God, it seems like you just tortured yourself to get this idea out and what's the point?" And he said, "Well, I hate it."

There were a few things that he was adamant about, and he was very much against intellectualizing the growth process and making something that's alive dead.

DEAN: What did he say to you about space and time?
CARL: He just said, "It isn't important to be thinking about this any longer."
DEAN: But not that the idea might not refer to a real polarity in the world?
CARL: Basically he said that nobody seemed to find it very stimulating or useful.
DEAN: Oh, I see what you mean.
CARL: "And when that's the case," he said, "oftentimes that means you're barking up the wrong tree. People are telling you it doesn't mean that much. It's not the important thing, even though it might be an interesting thing to think about in some private reverie."

He said he had tons of material like that all over the place, but as far as being in some way useful to people, it just proved itself not to be. So he let it drop from his concern anymore. And he said, "This is really how a thinker has to think. He's got to be able to read from the surface down, and when you start finding that it's just not reaching people you better realize not to dig in the spurs and try harder but start looking at something else."

DEAN: What do you think about his illustrating the idea of polarity with reference, say, to national psychologies like those of France and Germany? Was that just another reverie?
CARL: No, I think that was a product of not having one-on-one relationships in order to flesh these things out. He often said that when you lack actual relationships with students or patients or whatever, that you can draw on literature. He often used plays, or characters from history that were vividly drawn in autobiographies.
DEAN: Joseph Conrad's books.
CARL: And he would use those as case histories. And they're perfectly valid in a limited way: you get some sense of what the author has in mind. But Paul was never taken in by any of this stuff. He understood what thinking was all about. And he would say, "You'll never know how much ended up on the cutting room floor," to let me know that it's only a partial picture. But it's a valid and important picture when you don't have anything else to work with. It's perfectly valid to think about polarity in the world in these areas, but it's not to take the place of real life experiences and relationships. That's where everything just takes off.
DEAN: So until you take that final step of matching up your ideas against your personal relationships you're not really being a truth seeker but rather just a theory builder.
CARL: Paul was very severe with me about that because he knew from his own experience that it produces a nervous breakdown if you remove yourself from the world of experience and then try in some way to understand the world.
DEAN: Do you think that's what caused his own depression when he left Ronnie? That he was withdrawing from reality in some way?
CARL: We never really discussed any of that. The only thing I can draw from his autobiography is that he hadn't learned yet how to protect himself from his great desire to be important to somebody, how to put himself first. That caused him severe difficulties. Most of the serious feminine men that I've known have gone through comparable kinds of things like that -- sort of like "mini" nervous breakdowns, if you will -- when their great need to be important and to be needed outstripped their development, wiping themselves out. But I guess you go through that no matter how many times somebody tells you this is going to happen. You do it as many times as necessary until you figure it out.
DEAN: You're one of the few people at the Center who is capable of writing at a conceptual level that approaches Paul's. Do you see yourself as someone who will add to this work in some way?
CARL: I don't know. I don't worry about it.
DEAN: Is it something you feel is almost a temptation to be avoided, or it is something that you wouldn't mind doing?
CARL: I wouldn't mind. Paul's letters at one point stimulated me to write, and that was basically an exercise.
DEAN: In theory building?
CARL: I don't know about theory building. I certainly didn't break any new ground. I think it clarified for me if not for other people the relationship of procreative skills or procreative drives and warmth and pride.
DEAN: By procreative do you mean creative?
CARL: No, biological drives versus warmth and pride. That fascinated me.
DEAN: You mean the desire to have children?
CARL: Yes, the biological relationship of warmth and pride to psychological growth is fascinating. But, you know, if you do a little homework, it's also stuff that Paul all sort of mapped out in his Psychoanalysis and Civilization. So I basically wrote what was there already. I don't consider it new ground.

I don't worry about writing. Everybody used to sit around and joke about how we could probably write a best selling novel because we knew about polarity. And even Paul used to talk about writing a Pulitzer Prize winning novel and then not accepting the prize.

I'm just too busy living my life right now.

DEAN: The only thing I respect about Sartre is that he refused the Nobel Prize.
CARL: I figure if I'm going to write, it's going to be exactly the way Paul did it, and it's going to be somewheres down the road as some kind of natural expression of some need. It may never have an audience.
DEAN: Right now counseling means a lot to you. It's the primary source of your experience with creativity in the world. Is counseling a creative act in itself?
CARL: Sure it is.
DEAN: Because you're learning?
CARL: Yes. People make a great mistake with this. Some of my closest friends have said that you don't have to love the person that you're counseling with, and I think that's just ridiculous. Maybe they say it in a moment of not thinking or frustration.

I mean, it is possible for you to take on a person who's interesting and in trouble, and to speak to them about that in some way that helps them at a practical level -- as long as you don't kid yourself that you're doing anything more than that. But I think that you're not going to do any real business.

I think this is the distinction I was trying to make earlier, and that Paul would make very clear at different points even though it risked putting people off. Equality is about shared growth goals, and that doesn't happen all that often in relationships.

People like to think that serious relationships happen because people walk through the door of the Ninth Street Center. They want to think equality happens because ten people sit down in a room once a week and maybe you see them once a month or something, and then that somehow makes everybody psychological equals. Paul was real clear about that: that's just not true. And you exhaust yourself in some ways trying to deny this or trying to cover it over or trying to pretend it isn't happening. People grow based upon experiences, but they grow at many different rates and some people stop growing.

DEAN: I wonder if this has been harder for me to focus on since, as a masculine, I'm very gregarious. I warm up to lots of people and like to feed them as much as they can handle. It's like Johnny Appleseed: I cast my seed over a wide network of acquaintances and don't particularly care where the sprouts shoot up. Of course, many people don't really absorb that much of what I'm saying, but at least I'm developing presentation skills -- and in that sense this also comes out of an enlistment mentality or skill-building for its own sake. I guess I still find it hard to really face the fact that most of the people who come down there or even hang out there for a year or two are just not going to get it. It still amazes me that people can walk away from this stuff.
CARL: Well I think that's the way this kind of place is. I think that's what growth is about.
DEAN: I know it's sort of pointless to talk about the far future because we're not seers, but do we really expect that in the future people are going to have that much more access to their growth than they do today?
CARL: Of course. It's as inevitable as the sun rising -- unless we drop a bomb on the world. And then the sun will probably still rise except that none of us will be here to see it.

None of us will probably be here to see this millennium of psychological maturity, but I'm sure it's going to happen. It started in the mind of one person, and it took his lifetime in order to get it out in some form that could be useful or communicated or demonstrated to others. Now it's in the mind of maybe twenty other people who are trying to use it in various ways to get it out to the people they're involved with. That's the way any great system of thinking evolves.

I think it's inevitable because it's based on some very basic psychological truths about the need for people to love and care for each other, to bring insight into the world, to discover what's true.

DEAN: So at some point almost anything that Paul ever wrote about probably will be in the mind of the average fifteen-year-old kid?
CARL: You know, it's funny. I always casually look at the New York Times Science Section and I search out the articles that have to do with psychology to see what they're doing.
DEAN: They're unbelievably ignorant.
CARL: Well, I used to look at it with that kind of critical evaluation. But now I look at it to see how much they're finding out that I already know. Or what they're doing to maybe validate in some way some things that we just decided were true and are working on already. Every once in awhile something comes through where I'll be startled and I'll say, for instance, "Oh my goodness, look, somebody's actually discovered that you can separate compulsiveness from obsessiveness and that they can be separate responses to the world."

They didn't read Paul, for sure. But it means there's a fundamental truth here that's lying in the open for anybody to find who's willing to step back a little bit from their preconceptions and their dogma and authoritarianism and their degrees and look at it with some kind of love for what's true or what's right. So I think it's inevitable that this kind of thing is going to go someplace.

DEAN: Do you think in this depressed end of the twentieth century that there are many people outside the Center who can pick up Paul's book and sense the importance of it?
CARL: I don't know what reference you're making as far as being depressed. I think we've gone through far worse times than we're going through right now in history.
DEAN: Do you mean like with the Black Plague and things?
CARL: Oh, all over. I mean World War II, all kinds of psychological fears that we've gone through.
DEAN: But I think anybody who hasn't come to grips with the possibility of a homosexual lifestyle must be living a lifestyle depression, because they must be sitting on some tremendous potential that's not being expressed.
CARL: Well, I know, but this has been around all the time, forever. And I suspect it's going to be around for many, many, many, many generations to come. What's going to happen as far as homosexuality is concerned is that eventually it's going to become tolerated, because there's going to be a consistent and persistent movement by conventional gay people to see homosexuality as just the same as heterosexuality. And that's going to be the high ground that will be used in order to make it legal and not an excuse for prejudice.

But I think most gay people, and probably many non-gay people who have eyes in their head, will know it's not true that homosexuality is just like heterosexuality. And maybe there will be some kind of depressive reaction because of that. But I think that's the way it's going to work if anything is going to happen within my lifetime. That may be the direction it's going to take.

DEAN: Do you think it was worth our while to put Paul's books in all those libraries and universities?
CARL: Who knows? There was nothing in those libraries when I was growing up. Homosexuality was like illness. And I spent tons of time looking for stuff about homosexuality.
DEAN: There are probably hundreds of young kids who get some comfort or something out of reading a page or two of his books. They just haven't written to us and thanked us.
CARL: Let's hope so. We don't know that. But we do know that there are hundreds and hundreds of young people who believe that they can be anything and believe that there's nothing wrong with how they feel, who think that if they feel good about loving men there must be one other person out there who feels the same way and doesn't think that it's sick. And as long as there are hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of young people like this, gals and guys, generation after generation . . . well, we really don't have anything to worry about.
DEAN: They're what Paul called the "creative army of civilization."
CARL: That's why I don't see it as a depressing end of the twentieth century. I see it as the beginning of a new millennium. Homosexuality is everywhere, even under the veil of AIDS. Homosexuality is everyplace. You can't miss it. Even Kay Gardella makes reference to homosexuality.
DEAN: Who?
CARL: She's this film critic for the Daily News. In evaluating a film today on a kid with AIDS, she brought up an oblique and negative reference to "homosexuals." So even a staunch conservative numbskull like her can find the capacity to spell homosexuality and put it in her national column. When I was fourteen- or fifteen-years-old, you would never even see the word in a newspaper, let alone in a syndicated column across the country. So it's everywhere. And as long as it's everywhere, people don't have to live like they're afraid, or that we're suffering from some plague, or that we are actually in the Dark Ages. I'm going to be here and teach them.
DEAN: When Kim was here he said he doesn't worry about the future because he knows that creative people are going to come along and take charge of it. It's not entirely up to us. I guess I felt for a long time that a lot of responsibility was on my shoulders. I do a lot of worrying about, you know, the world and what my projects can accomplish and do we have enough books for people, and a lot of that stuff. It's sometimes kind of oppressive for me.
CARL: Then let go of it for awhile. I know that's easier said than done.
DEAN: You mean the way some people just stop doing counseling for three years?
CARL: Stop counseling for three years, stop doing groups for two or three years, look as if they're living a conventional life for all practical purposes. You never know what's going on with people. Some people need to rest for three years because they've overstimulated their brain or they're sorting things out. I have no idea.

I mean, I'm going to Acapulco. You couldn't look more conventional than that. I work a real job, I don't do anything unconventional in that department. But nobody has a picture of what's inside my brain.

DEAN: A lot of people look like they're doing unconventional things until you talk to them about it.
CARL: And then you find out what a drag they are.
DEAN: Look at modern art, the theater, performance spaces. With all these people, just scratch the surface and you get Marian the librarian.
CARL: Well, you know, I liked the little quote you used in your group. Save it and use it again the next time.
DEAN: What did I say?
CARL: About the cat with the dirty feet.
DEAN: Oh, the muddy feet! Treat your worries as a pet cat with muddy feet that you calmly but firmly put outside each time he tries to get in. That was the advice my friend Richard wrote to someone who was working himself into an obsessive rut. It's great when you find a simple image that conveys some important psychological principle.
CARL: I used to say to Paul, "Why do you use poetry?" And he'd say, "Honey, I use whatever I can to get their attention." If it works, it works. Don't worry about it.
DEAN: Speaking of everyday symptoms as muddy cats is great because it counteracts the whole Freudian and psychiatric tradition of treating symptoms as big things that are mysterious and which we have to investigate and find the reasons for and so let's go back and let's think about our parents and let's think about whether in fact you did want to kill your father and all that crap.

I like the idea that symptoms are little things that can be controlled. It puts it right where it belongs.

CARL: Well, in that respect then, quite apart from the intellectual rationality of it, the application in your own life should be very clear. Leader, lead thyself. When you sit here and you say something helpless to me about something I know you're perfectly capable of managing if you put your mind to it -- i.e. putting your great sense of responsibility for Paul's writings out of the picture for awhile -- then you need to reduce the importance of Paul's writings and your sense of responsibility to the level of muddy cat paw prints. That's what you gotta do.

And you've got to do it as often as necessary in order to begin to feel some sense of freedom from that again, instead of this kind of seduced obligation that somehow you are the carrier of some great message to the world. In many respects, it's the thing that stands between you and other people who were Paul's students.

DEAN: I sense that, and this is one of my motivations. At the same time, there's something about my commitment which I know Paul really believed in and wanted.
CARL: Well, I think that part of it is simple and practical. But the intensity that you're talking about, this big, big business that's involving your personality, is inappropriate.

Who has a crystal ball about these things? There are people who are out there living and working their lives and running experiments. We may not have the fruition of their observations yet, but I have some faith that this is what's going on. People who take themselves seriously certainly know what's going on with me. I know what's going on with everybody who's in my life in any substantial way, otherwise they wouldn't be there. That's the whole basis for people being in my life. I think you can make yourself crazy worrying about something that sort of isn't real.

DEAN: Worrying about this stuff can be very much like running on empty for me.
CARL: I used to say to Paul, "Can I learn any more by reading all kinds of psychological books? Can I learn any more by reading everything you've written?" And he'd bang the table and scream, "No!" I'd always be so startled! And he'd tell me over and over again, "Just get out there and live it. Get out there and use it in your life."

In a lot of ways, he really made it clear that it's not something to be enshrined in lovely handsome bound covers with gold leafing or anything. If that were the end product of what was going on with his thinking, I think he probably would have stopped. I really do. In fact, I know he would have. I think I am that much attuned to Paul's sensibilities about this.

I think the practical level of it is being taken care of fine, but that's it. And the rest of it is exactly how he lived his life. And he even said his first book was written from the vantage point of only one serious relationship. The vantage point, mind you, not even that it was going on at the moment, but after it had been over with. And that encompasses all the stuff that happened to his life, all of his relationships and his marriage and all of that. And he wrote a book based on one serious relationship. So who knows? Maybe none of us have had that one serious relationship yet, or that one particular experience that's going to suddenly cause this crystallization of all kinds of things that are going around.

DEAN: I like the idea that I don't know what I'm going to be capable of yet. It's true of all of us.
CARL: I know that when you're thinking about this rationally and you're not being driven about it, you've been very articulate about psychological growth and the science of human nature as an open ended process or product. And when you're not at your best and the books become the most important thing, you see it as a complete thing. That's what you convey, that's what you communicate in some way.
DEAN: I don't really see it as complete, but I sometimes see it as something I'm not going to live long enough to fully understand.
CARL: Yes, but who is? There have been times in the last few years when I thought about people I consider pernicious. And all I could think of is, how is it that people like that live and someone like Paul dies? There is no justice in the world. The fates are truly arbitrary and God does not exist, things like that. And at the same time, if I'm not going to make myself sick and crazy about this, I have to realize that Paul many, many times has sent me messages saying, "The future is not for you to worry about. The here and now is how you're going to live your life."

You're born into the time and the place and the year and the physical abilities and disabilities that you have. This is the life you've got to live.

DEAN: He said that about mankind as a whole: that there may be other civilizations out there in the universe, but that our kind has a job to do here and now.
CARL: Who knows what's going to happen in another hundred or two hundred years? Maybe the Twilight Zone is real and maybe there's a parallel universe someplace where everybody's totally developed and they're all looking at us and laughing.
DEAN: It's useful not to worry too much about what fifty thousand years from now is going to bring, because really our job is to straighten out the world as it is today.
CARL: I just try to keep an eye open for interesting people. That's a good point to make about this and I made it in the group the other night. The curiosity or interest that you use as a way of covering up the essential boredom or fatigue of an unpsychological life is not sufficient in order to get you into a growth process. I don't think it ought to be the basis for being involved with other people. So I really follow something Paul said to me. It's been very useful in trying to refine my selectivity, although it hasn't always been successful. And that's to look for people who are really in trouble with themselves and know it. There are a lot of people out there who are bright and articulate and yet in various ways are able to show you the sores and the warts and what's nasty about their human scene.
DEAN: They've been developing in math something called catastrophe theory which reminds me of this.
CARL: I read about that the other day.
DEAN: You could say, for instance, that some personalities are like smooth rubber sheets. They may have fluctuations but they're basically continuous. But the people that I get along with best are the ones that have these discontinuous catastrophes, topological "folding unders," things that upset them and they don't know why, times when all of a sudden nothing makes sense. That kind of stuff.
CARL: This is related to chaos theory, too, although I think they're silly in some of it's applications. One of the things I liked about this one article is the idea that the information that they've been discarding in electrocardiograms as background noise and static in favor of the blips that they always focused on may be exactly the things that they need to be looking at in the framework of this new mathematics of chaos. And I thought, "So we've found out that we've killed a hundred thousand people in the name of a blip that went up instead of a jag that went like this!"

But that's how you advance forward. Who knows how many people we've lost? Paul used to talk all the time about how mental institutions and jails are full of people who might have been great teachers and leaders had they found a world big enough for them to live in. What we need to be doing is trying to create a place in our hearts and, as much as possible, a physical place -- I mean, I think that's certainly an engineering feat -- where people can come and feel like they can start working with themselves.

As long as I find one person once in awhile that I can do that with, I am relatively content. And when I get tired, I go to Acapulco.

DEAN: Going with anybody?
CARL: Nope.
DEAN: I think those are the best vacations.
CARL: This is my first experiment. I'm really excited about this. There's a little trepidation around it. I have some phobia about being in a strange place.
DEAN: Whenever I've done that myself it's been such a relief: I don't have to answer to anybody. Nobody is going to be judging whether I'm getting unpsychological for a moment. I can go to children's book stores, be a spy, take a trolley car somewhere to the end of the line and just sit there for three hours.

I took a few days off in Boston once and, instead of visiting the historical sites, I spent this long snowy afternoon retracing the steps of the heroic mother duck from this true story that was written up in the children's book Make Way for Ducklings. My father had read it to me in an old run-down library in the Bronx one quiet summer evening when I was a boy and we were still friends. Paul had remembered reading this same story to some children he was once helping to take care of.

CARL: That's exactly what this is about. There's a part of me that says, "Now, now, remember you don't have access to freedom." And I go, "Wait a second, wait a second, is there a masculine way and feminine way to take a vacation? Do masculines take vacations and feminines stay home? I mean what is this about, Carl?" So I discard that right away.
DEAN: I think the point of a vacation is to forget about all that, maybe?
CARL: That's it. And that's what I have to remind myself about.

 


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